Berwick is the most northerly town in England which has changed hands between England and Scotland thirteen times in the last 1000 years. Defended on three sides by substantial ramparts, the present defences were built during the reign of Elizabeth I, being completed in the late 16th Century; at a cost of £128000, they were the largest building scheme of any sort commissioned during her reign. They now provide an excellent walk from which to look over the town, the harbour and the river.
